Alternative fuels are low-carbon or renewable energy sources that can replace natural gas, oil, or coal in industrial and commercial heating systems.
These include:
- Hydrogen and hydrogen blends
- Biogas and biomethane
- Synthetic fuels (e-fuels)
- Waste-derived fuels
High temperature heat pumps (HTHPs) are advanced systems that use electricity to deliver heat at temperatures up to 160°C or higher—suitable for many industrial processes and district heating applications.
Together, these technologies offer viable pathways to decarbonise heat-intensive operations while improving energy efficiency and resilience.